1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:21,740 hey there everybody welcome back to the overlap this is your co-host joshua i am here today 2 00:00:21,740 --> 00:00:26,600 unfortunately without will again but we're looking forward to having him back next week but if you 3 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:32,880 haven't been here before this is a podcast where we look at the overlaps of society we talk about the 4 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:39,200 things that we do have in common in order to form a broader coalition to fight injustices and things 5 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:46,380 that we see happening here in our good old united states of america this is kind of a intersection of 6 00:00:46,380 --> 00:00:53,720 politics and history and law and society and that sort of commentary we're basically the uh the audio 7 00:00:53,720 --> 00:00:59,060 equivalent of eavesdropping on a conversation at a coffee shop where one person has done way too 8 00:00:59,060 --> 00:01:04,240 much reading and the other one's just trying to enjoy their oat milk latte in peace we provide the 9 00:01:04,240 --> 00:01:09,620 well-researched debate you provide the silent judgmental sipping today we are are going to 10 00:01:09,620 --> 00:01:17,780 strap on our our chest waiters and wade directly into i don't know a cesspool a swamp um a septic tank 11 00:01:17,780 --> 00:01:23,820 if you will a topic that no doubt is it's pretty dense there's lots of historical baggage here and 12 00:01:23,820 --> 00:01:30,020 also the the modern day political maneuvering currently that kind of gives you a headache just 13 00:01:30,020 --> 00:01:35,040 thinking about it but we're going to do it anyway because somebody has to i'm talking about the 14 00:01:35,040 --> 00:01:45,740 federalization of washington dc yeah the whole dc kerfluffle i can kind of already hear some of our loyal 15 00:01:45,740 --> 00:01:52,100 listeners who i know personally kind of groaning oh joshua federalization of dc is that really the 16 00:01:52,100 --> 00:01:57,900 most electrifying topic you could come up with i know you might want this to be a history of art or 17 00:01:57,900 --> 00:02:06,720 something to do with art i get it i don't know the term itself actually sounds like something you'd find 18 00:02:06,720 --> 00:02:13,080 on c-span right and like two in the morning dc federalization it sounds technical bureaucratic and 19 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:18,680 it's about as interesting as reading the t's and c's on your latest iphone update uh don't have an 20 00:02:18,680 --> 00:02:27,360 iphone but you probably do so look stick with me on this the story is very real very current and it's 21 00:02:27,360 --> 00:02:35,320 political drama this isn't some like dusty historical footnote and it's not like an abstract civics lesson 22 00:02:35,320 --> 00:02:41,240 right like this is a live action case study in the expansion of the power of the executive 23 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:49,460 it's kind of a slow motion demo of uh democratic erosion yay and it's a glaring spotlight on the 24 00:02:49,460 --> 00:02:58,160 absolute weirdness of our american political system now look this isn't isn't just about one city right 25 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:04,080 like this is this is about the playbook it's about the precedent this is about what a government can get 26 00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:10,560 away with when it thinks no one is paying close enough attention or thinks that their overwhelming 27 00:03:10,560 --> 00:03:17,900 support of the electorate is going to allow them to do this but if you aren't paying attention to this 28 00:03:17,900 --> 00:03:22,040 you're kind of missing the point right you're not missing the forest for the trees you're missing the 29 00:03:22,040 --> 00:03:27,840 trees and the forest and the roots and and the guy with the chainsaw that's literally smiling as he cuts it 30 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:34,020 all down let's set the stage we're not talking about a hypothetical scenario from a political science 31 00:03:34,020 --> 00:03:39,860 textbook or a screenplay for a movie who's that who's that guy that did all the legal books it's not 32 00:03:39,860 --> 00:03:45,640 clancy clancy does the spy stuff i don't know one of those authors who does way too many uh pelican 33 00:03:45,640 --> 00:03:54,980 briefs and those sorts of things this is more in line with a like a real life power grab and it feels like a very 34 00:03:54,980 --> 00:04:05,180 niche kind of political thriller story but almost seems impossible a few days ago the president of 35 00:04:05,180 --> 00:04:15,040 the united states citing what he and his administration sorry best term i could come up with dubbed a a crime 36 00:04:15,040 --> 00:04:22,120 emergency of catastrophic proportions they invoked a rarely used and almost forgotten in the ways that 37 00:04:22,120 --> 00:04:30,980 1700 year old uh or 1700s and 1800s laws kind of get forgotten it's a provision called the district of 38 00:04:30,980 --> 00:04:40,220 columbia home rule act when he invoked that he took a direct unilateral control of washington dc's 39 00:04:40,220 --> 00:04:48,580 metropolitan police department now they serve about 700 000 people three quarters of a million or so and 40 00:04:48,580 --> 00:04:55,660 they were effectively nationalized overnight for someone who calls everyone left of him a communist 41 00:04:55,660 --> 00:05:05,500 he's doing some weirdly nationalizing things but for anyone who's been casually following the decades-long 42 00:05:05,500 --> 00:05:13,640 dc statehood debate this felt less like a legitimate response to a genuine crisis and more like the 43 00:05:13,640 --> 00:05:22,100 inevitable deeply unsettling climax of a very long-running saga it was the other shoe that everyone 44 00:05:22,100 --> 00:05:27,680 knew eventually was going to drop and it landed with a thud and echoed all the way back to the 18th century 45 00:05:27,680 --> 00:05:37,920 like the laws that donald trump is using to do this so their narrative was pretty simple it was we're taking control of it 46 00:05:37,920 --> 00:05:45,280 the city is a nightmare of murder and crime in a series of press conferences and late night truth social posts 47 00:05:45,280 --> 00:05:53,860 basically painting dc is just uh utter chaos right he called it a tragic symbol of urban decay 48 00:05:53,860 --> 00:06:02,720 and claimed that the local government was not only inept, but helpless and ideologically committed to letting the city burn. 49 00:06:03,520 --> 00:06:12,140 The federal government, he said, had no choice but to step in with a firm and decisive hand to restore order and liberate the residents from the squalor. 50 00:06:12,140 --> 00:06:18,620 It is not a compelling story, basically because it's not supported by facts. 51 00:06:19,180 --> 00:06:31,240 So the local government, who the mayor there is Muriel Bowser, along with, I don't know, a mountain of FBI crime data, verifiable, told a completely different story. 52 00:06:31,580 --> 00:06:40,080 They presented the statistics showing violent crime, while still a serious issue, as it is in any American city, 53 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:48,340 has actually been on a significant downward trend for the better part of a year, something like 35%. 54 00:06:48,340 --> 00:06:57,440 Homicides are down, carjackings, which, to be fair, was a very major point of public concern, has seen a substantial drop. 55 00:06:57,940 --> 00:07:15,040 Even the president's own appointee for U.S. attorney for D.C. had had a couple of weeks before this, right, praised the city and the Metropolitan Police Department for encouraging a decline in crime rates. 56 00:07:15,040 --> 00:07:22,040 This is the kind of blatant contradiction that just makes my blood pressure hurt. 57 00:07:22,180 --> 00:07:23,640 Is that a thing? Can blood pressure hurt? 58 00:07:25,140 --> 00:07:31,980 It's just like a level of gaslighting that is almost impressive if it wasn't so damn stupid. 59 00:07:32,140 --> 00:07:45,500 So you have a situation where the official justification for a massive federal intervention is directly refuted by the administration's own officials and available public data. 60 00:07:45,640 --> 00:07:48,440 This is not a disagreement over policy details. 61 00:07:48,680 --> 00:07:51,580 This isn't like a matter of one's opinion over another. 62 00:07:51,840 --> 00:07:56,360 It's a disagreement over the, like, objective reality. 63 00:07:57,160 --> 00:07:59,420 And that's what makes this so incredibly alarming. 64 00:07:59,940 --> 00:08:01,680 It's a playbook we've seen before. 65 00:08:02,240 --> 00:08:04,600 And it's depressingly effective. 66 00:08:05,480 --> 00:08:07,520 Step one, declare a crisis. 67 00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:11,600 Step two, use the crisis to grab power. 68 00:08:12,680 --> 00:08:23,100 Step three, make everyone forget the crisis that you're solving was widely exaggerated and mostly invented for the express purpose of grabbing power. 69 00:08:23,100 --> 00:08:28,260 And the fact is that the president of the United States can do just that. 70 00:08:28,260 --> 00:08:39,520 He can federalize a major American cities police force based on a law that most people have never heard of and a crisis that isn't real. 71 00:08:39,780 --> 00:08:47,460 It's a giant blinking alarm for the state of our democracy. 72 00:08:47,780 --> 00:08:49,300 It's a five alarm fire. 73 00:08:50,540 --> 00:09:00,560 In any term of our systems of checks and balances, which I know have been failing left and right. 74 00:09:00,640 --> 00:09:01,980 So how did we get here? 75 00:09:01,980 --> 00:09:09,820 How did we arrive at a place where the capital of the land of the free can be treated like a colonial outpost? 76 00:09:10,400 --> 00:09:15,600 To understand that present, unfortunately, for you people who hate history, we have to dig into the past. 77 00:09:15,600 --> 00:09:31,020 And this particular past goes all the way back to men in powdered wigs and who were very concerned about moving around and not really concerned about long term democratic rights of a people who would eventually live in the nation's capital. 78 00:09:31,340 --> 00:09:31,940 All right, way back. 79 00:09:32,300 --> 00:09:39,560 Dusty document with a specific line in it that essentially created the world's most politically disenfranchised city in a developed nation. 80 00:09:39,880 --> 00:09:42,200 Talking, of course, about the U.S. Constitution. 81 00:09:42,660 --> 00:09:42,920 Yay! 82 00:09:43,600 --> 00:09:46,880 Specifically, Article 1, Section 8, Clause 17. 83 00:09:48,140 --> 00:09:50,140 It's not one of the famous clauses. 84 00:09:50,140 --> 00:09:54,140 It's not one of the ones that pops up that people memorize like the second or the first. 85 00:09:54,280 --> 00:10:00,000 So it doesn't get a lot of air time, which means you probably won't see it on a T-shirt or a sign. 86 00:10:00,120 --> 00:10:01,220 Maybe you'll see it on a sign now. 87 00:10:01,220 --> 00:10:02,920 Because there is lots of protesting. 88 00:10:02,920 --> 00:10:09,260 But it's one of the most consequential laws for the people of Washington, D.C. 89 00:10:10,500 --> 00:10:13,000 As in the original, like, wait, what? 90 00:10:13,660 --> 00:10:14,180 Clause. 91 00:10:14,820 --> 00:10:16,880 That clause is called the District Clause. 92 00:10:17,820 --> 00:10:39,080 It basically gives Congress the power to, quote, exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district, not exceeding 10 miles square, as may, by cessation, by session of particular states and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of government of the United States. 93 00:10:39,080 --> 00:10:39,900 In plain English. 94 00:10:39,900 --> 00:10:39,900 In plain English. 95 00:10:39,900 --> 00:10:43,420 And sorry, even my old English was bad. 96 00:10:43,780 --> 00:10:55,880 The framers decided that the new national government needed its own piece of land, a federal district that would be separate from the control of any single state. 97 00:10:56,880 --> 00:11:07,940 And the logic kind of displayed by the James Madison type in the Federalist Papers, number 43, was primarily defensive. 98 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:17,300 Basically, he was worried about the, quote, insulting and menacing possibility of a state government being able to intimidate or hold the federal government hostage. 99 00:11:18,300 --> 00:11:33,840 So if the national capital were located within a state like Texas, right, that state's government could, in theory, interfere with federal operations, cut off supplies, fail to protect the officials during a public disturbance. 100 00:11:34,120 --> 00:11:37,500 So the framers of the Constitution had a real world example in mind. 101 00:11:37,500 --> 00:11:48,260 There was the Pennsylvania mutiny of 1783, where unpaid Revolutionary War soldiers surrounded a building in Philadelphia where the Continental Congress was beating. 102 00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:56,760 Then the Pennsylvania state government was hesitant to do anything about it, and the members of Congress were forced to leave the city. 103 00:11:57,280 --> 00:11:58,040 It was embarrassing. 104 00:11:58,260 --> 00:11:58,840 It was chaotic. 105 00:11:58,840 --> 00:12:07,180 And people like James Madison, George Washington, and Hamilton were determined to make sure that it couldn't happen again. 106 00:12:07,180 --> 00:12:27,680 So the idea of a federally neutral territory under direct congressional control was, in theory, a smart move to make sure that the stability and the independence of this new national government was both stable and independent. 107 00:12:27,680 --> 00:12:34,280 But it came with a really huge, gapingly obvious flaw. 108 00:12:35,420 --> 00:12:39,340 What about the people who would actually live and work in this federal district? 109 00:12:40,340 --> 00:12:44,700 What about their rights, their representation, their ability to govern themselves? 110 00:12:45,180 --> 00:12:48,340 This is where things kind of get a bit, you know, ethereal. 111 00:12:49,320 --> 00:12:54,620 James Madison, in that same Federalist paper, 43, he kind of brushed it aside. 112 00:12:54,620 --> 00:13:03,480 He wrote that the residents of the district will, quote, have their voice, have had their voice in the election of the government, which is to exercise authority over them. 113 00:13:03,580 --> 00:13:18,300 He meant that basically they'd be governed by Congress, that they had helped elect, which sounds great, except for the part where D.C. residents for the most of American history have had no voting representation in Congress. 114 00:13:19,140 --> 00:13:19,660 Yeah. 115 00:13:19,660 --> 00:13:28,620 He also added that a municipal legislature for local purposes derived from their own suffrages will, of course, be allowed to them. 116 00:13:28,940 --> 00:13:29,420 Of course. 117 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:32,140 He says it like it's like it's a foregone conclusion. 118 00:13:32,980 --> 00:13:37,760 And it's a detail that's pretty obvious. 119 00:13:38,240 --> 00:13:39,760 You almost don't need to mention it. 120 00:13:39,860 --> 00:13:41,500 But that was a promise. 121 00:13:41,700 --> 00:13:43,340 It was a constitutional IOU, right? 122 00:13:43,420 --> 00:13:46,040 It wasn't in the Constitution. 123 00:13:46,240 --> 00:13:51,120 And for a very, very, very long time, it went unfulfilled. 124 00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:54,380 Actually, about 170 years. 125 00:13:55,300 --> 00:14:00,100 So Madison's casual, of course, was a dead letter at this point. 126 00:14:00,300 --> 00:14:14,740 So the history of Washington, D.C.'s governance is kind of a frustrating story of a city that's constantly being put in its place by a distant hostel and frequently in different federal government. 127 00:14:14,740 --> 00:14:22,460 After it was established, Congress did an experiment, I guess you could say, with local government structures. 128 00:14:22,940 --> 00:14:28,760 And there was even a short period of time where there was a locally elected mayor in the early 19th century. 129 00:14:29,320 --> 00:14:32,000 But a lot of times, you know, they fell apart. 130 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:40,680 They didn't really last very long and were kind of subject to the whims of different politicians in the federal government. 131 00:14:40,820 --> 00:14:57,720 Not until 1874, in the wake of some financial mismanagement by a territorial government, Congress actually stripped Washington, D.C. of all forms of local self-governance. 132 00:14:57,720 --> 00:15:06,380 They actually abolished the elected legislature and replaced it with a three-member board of commissioners appointed directly by the president. 133 00:15:06,580 --> 00:15:16,140 So for the next century, from 1874 to 1974, the residents of Washington, D.C. really had no say in their own governance, like none. 134 00:15:16,980 --> 00:15:18,660 They paid their federal taxes. 135 00:15:19,140 --> 00:15:23,060 They were conscripted and fought and died in American wars. 136 00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:29,740 But they could not elect people who ran their city, paved their streets, or funded their schools. 137 00:15:30,280 --> 00:15:33,940 They lost their voting rights in Congress and in the Electoral College. 138 00:15:34,560 --> 00:15:47,820 It was a situation that if it's not a coincidence, it would be pretty uncanny if it wasn't kind of parallel to the idea of taxation without representation. 139 00:15:47,980 --> 00:15:53,160 So the American colonists were obviously very keen on rebelling against that. 140 00:15:53,640 --> 00:15:59,920 So the whole irony is so thick that you could just probably build a monument out of it. 141 00:16:00,180 --> 00:16:02,880 And in Washington, they did. 142 00:16:03,260 --> 00:16:08,760 It wasn't until the Civil Rights era, after decades, but it's 1974. 143 00:16:09,560 --> 00:16:09,780 Yeah. 144 00:16:10,100 --> 00:16:15,600 A couple decades of activism by D.C. residents that we started to see some movement in that area. 145 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:24,640 In 1961, not 1861, the 23rd Amendment was ratified, granting D.C. residents the right to vote for president and vice president, a small step. 146 00:16:24,900 --> 00:16:28,540 Meaning before 1961, they literally couldn't even vote for president and vice president. 147 00:16:29,860 --> 00:16:35,500 Then in 1973, Congress passed the D.C. Home Rule Act, which was the big one, right? 148 00:16:35,520 --> 00:16:43,140 Like it was the promise that Madison had originally given to them during the writing of the Constitution and the writing of these Federalist Papers, right? 149 00:16:43,140 --> 00:16:54,400 So for the first time in 100 years, this Home Rule Act allowed Washington, D.C. residents to elect a mayor and an actual city council, 13 people on it. 150 00:16:55,280 --> 00:17:00,700 This was a pretty big victory for the people who were fighting for this and talking about it. 151 00:17:00,820 --> 00:17:04,780 But, and with Washington, D.C., you know there's always a but. 152 00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:10,940 It was a Home Rule with a massive bullet point asterisk at the end of it, right? 153 00:17:10,940 --> 00:17:26,580 It was a footnote in really big neon letters because Congress, in its infinite wisdom, retained the right to review, modify, or overturn any local legislation passed by the D.C. Council. 154 00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:27,960 Any law. 155 00:17:29,100 --> 00:17:29,740 Any subject. 156 00:17:30,420 --> 00:17:33,800 The D.C. budget also has to be approved directly by Congress. 157 00:17:33,800 --> 00:17:59,640 That means that Washington, D.C. can hold hearings, debate an issue, pass a law reflecting the will of its residents, and then a bunch of people from Alabama, Wyoming, California, Oklahoma, Texas, people who don't live there, who don't represent those people, and who are often openly hostile to the city's progressive politics, can literally just throw it in the trash. 158 00:17:59,640 --> 00:18:29,620 File 13. 159 00:18:29,620 --> 00:18:30,860 They thought, right? 160 00:18:30,960 --> 00:18:33,700 So, that's kind of laid the historical groundwork, right? 161 00:18:33,840 --> 00:18:42,000 A city, unique constitutional status, long history of disenfranchisement, and a system of Home Rule that is, at best, conditional. 162 00:18:42,620 --> 00:18:44,500 Right? Conditional seems appropriate. 163 00:18:44,820 --> 00:18:45,960 Let's fast forward to now. 164 00:18:46,920 --> 00:18:47,840 The federal takeover. 165 00:18:48,800 --> 00:18:54,720 President Donald Trump, as we've established, invoked Section 740 of the Home Rule Act. 166 00:18:55,660 --> 00:19:01,240 He stood at a podium, flanked by flags, and declared a crime emergency in D.C. 167 00:19:01,560 --> 00:19:02,920 Federalized the D.C. police. 168 00:19:03,180 --> 00:19:06,200 The justification was repeated ad nauseum. 169 00:19:06,340 --> 00:19:13,240 The city was a nightmare of lawlessness, a carnage, and that local Democratic leadership was either unwilling or unable to stop. 170 00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:15,500 Something he insisted had to be done. 171 00:19:16,180 --> 00:19:22,560 The problem is that the justification doesn't hold up to even the most basic scrutiny. 172 00:19:22,860 --> 00:19:23,700 It's not about the data. 173 00:19:24,500 --> 00:19:26,660 The data actively torpedoed it. 174 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:28,300 Let's get more specific. 175 00:19:28,300 --> 00:19:46,100 Muriel Bowser, the mayor, said in a conference hours after the president's announcement, where she was visibly furious, with charts and printed graphs and a citywide violent crime data board. 176 00:19:46,100 --> 00:19:52,980 She created a science project, an eighth-grade science project, that showed that violent crime was down 12% year over year. 177 00:19:53,500 --> 00:19:59,820 Homicides, the most inflammatory data point, had decreased by 18% compared to the previous year. 178 00:20:00,860 --> 00:20:08,000 Carjackings, the subject that that's what all of the GOP is currently saying is, yeah, but the carjackings. 179 00:20:08,260 --> 00:20:09,100 They were down 34%. 180 00:20:09,740 --> 00:20:11,640 That was where that 34 number came from earlier. 181 00:20:12,760 --> 00:20:14,140 Now, these weren't cherry-picked numbers. 182 00:20:14,140 --> 00:20:21,380 This is the city's official crime data, and the same data provided to the FBI and other federal agencies. 183 00:20:21,740 --> 00:20:29,000 We already talked about Matt Graves, the U.S. attorney for D.C., who has praised the city's efforts. 184 00:20:29,340 --> 00:20:41,760 And this fictional 2025 scenario just weeks prior gave an interview to the Washington Post, where he said he was seeing encouragement trends across the board, and NPD and our federal workers are working to effectively target violent offenders. 185 00:20:42,080 --> 00:20:43,840 And the result is a safer city. 186 00:20:44,260 --> 00:20:46,860 The quote was on a giant screen behind Mayor Bowser. 187 00:20:47,540 --> 00:20:51,360 During her press conference, the political theater was gross. 188 00:20:51,780 --> 00:20:53,060 It was just gross. 189 00:20:53,200 --> 00:20:54,140 What's really going on? 190 00:20:55,020 --> 00:20:58,400 If the crisis wasn't real, why the extreme action? 191 00:20:58,500 --> 00:21:03,540 It's pretty obvious to anyone who hasn't been living in a sensory deprivation tank for the last decade. 192 00:21:03,700 --> 00:21:06,620 This crime emergency was a political tool. 193 00:21:06,620 --> 00:21:13,560 It was a carefully constructed pretext to achieve a long-held political goal. 194 00:21:13,660 --> 00:21:15,220 And I'm not just talking about Donald Trump. 195 00:21:15,480 --> 00:21:15,920 I'm not talking. 196 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:30,900 I'm talking about a long Republican political goal about facing and asserting federal dominance over a politically hostile city that is overwhelmingly Democratic. 197 00:21:30,900 --> 00:21:36,840 Washington, D.C. regularly votes for the Democratic presidential candidate by margins exceeding 90%. 198 00:21:36,840 --> 00:21:41,280 It's local government entirely composed of Democrats. 199 00:21:41,280 --> 00:21:47,960 From the perspective of this administration, D.C. is literally enemy territory. 200 00:21:48,680 --> 00:22:01,740 And what better way to neutralize an enemy than to put its entire police force under direct command of a president who, by all name tags, is a Republican. 201 00:22:01,860 --> 00:22:04,640 That's a classic move from the authoritarian playbook. 202 00:22:05,820 --> 00:22:07,480 It's power politics, right? 203 00:22:07,760 --> 00:22:14,880 Dressed up as law enforcement, you find a unique wedge issue. 204 00:22:15,240 --> 00:22:18,140 Crime is a reliable one because nobody wants there to be crime. 205 00:22:18,420 --> 00:22:19,580 Nobody likes crime. 206 00:22:20,240 --> 00:22:22,020 And then you amplify it, right? 207 00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:24,580 You create a sense of panic and fear. 208 00:22:24,960 --> 00:22:29,440 And then you present yourself as the only one strong enough to solve the problem. 209 00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:30,080 The solution? 210 00:22:30,280 --> 00:22:34,400 Always expanding your own power and diminishing the power of your political opponents. 211 00:22:34,680 --> 00:22:40,200 This takeover also relied on some pretty questionable, maybe deliberately, legal interpretations. 212 00:22:40,200 --> 00:22:45,600 The law itself, Section 740 of the Home Rule Act, is worth reading. 213 00:22:46,820 --> 00:22:47,520 I think. 214 00:22:47,660 --> 00:22:49,080 If you're a nerd, I don't know. 215 00:22:50,060 --> 00:22:58,720 It allows the president to assume control of the NPD if he determines that an emergency makes it necessary to use the police of the district for federal purposes. 216 00:22:59,220 --> 00:23:00,460 So there's two key phrases there. 217 00:23:00,620 --> 00:23:02,540 Emergency and federal purposes. 218 00:23:02,540 --> 00:23:14,460 In history, the power was not understood to be for specific, like, immediate events that threatened the functioning of the federal government itself. 219 00:23:15,460 --> 00:23:23,380 Think, like, I don't know, insurrections, riots targeting federal buildings, terrorist attacks January 6th. 220 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:25,100 You know, like, actual emergencies. 221 00:23:26,380 --> 00:23:34,760 The kind of thing where you need a unified command structure right now to protect federal assets or people. 222 00:23:34,760 --> 00:23:46,020 So applying this clause to a general ongoing issue like crime is brand new in these terms, right? 223 00:23:46,080 --> 00:23:48,900 And it's very legally controversial. 224 00:23:49,180 --> 00:23:53,900 People are gearing up to fight this at a legal perspective. 225 00:23:53,900 --> 00:24:01,800 Because crime, by its nature, is primarily a local issue handled by local police under local governance. 226 00:24:01,960 --> 00:24:16,380 So to say that a city's crime is bad enough that it constitutes a federal emergency that needs federal control is not really in the confines of that statute. 227 00:24:16,380 --> 00:24:24,340 It really stretches the definition of emergency and federal purposes to a breaking point. 228 00:24:25,300 --> 00:24:32,500 Under this logic, the president could declare a homelessness emergency in San Francisco and take over its social services. 229 00:24:33,500 --> 00:24:37,600 He could declare an education emergency in Chicago and take over public schools. 230 00:24:37,600 --> 00:24:58,520 The president is incredibly dangerous because it creates a legal justification for the person in the office of the presidency to intervene in almost any aspect of local governance within the District of Columbia under any pretext. 231 00:24:58,520 --> 00:25:04,140 Now, this has also been combined with the mobilization of the D.C. National Guard. 232 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:08,720 Now, the president already had sole command over the D.C. Guard, right? 233 00:25:08,800 --> 00:25:12,960 Like, that's another one of the city's constitutional quirks. 234 00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:17,660 Unlike in all of the other states, the governor commands the Guard. 235 00:25:18,100 --> 00:25:22,080 In D.C., the power sits with the president because D.C. doesn't have a governor. 236 00:25:22,360 --> 00:25:28,800 That's kind of why we saw a lot of confusion during the January 6th Capitol attack, right? 237 00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:30,820 Where the deployment of the Guard was delayed. 238 00:25:31,140 --> 00:25:45,800 In this scenario, the president used that existing power and combined it with new control over the municipal police department and created this unified security apparatus in the Capitol under his direct command with no local accountability whatsoever. 239 00:25:45,800 --> 00:25:55,240 For a lot of the left and traditional conservatives who value federalism and limited government felt like this is a dress rehearsal. 240 00:25:55,700 --> 00:25:57,040 It's a test run. 241 00:25:57,400 --> 00:26:04,580 And he's purposefully testing the legal boundaries of institutional resistance and the public's reaction. 242 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:06,680 How much can I get away with? 243 00:26:07,480 --> 00:26:09,160 How far can we push this? 244 00:26:09,940 --> 00:26:12,000 The target was D.C. because D.C. 245 00:26:12,940 --> 00:26:14,200 It's uniquely vulnerable. 246 00:26:14,380 --> 00:26:20,780 It's a perfect lab for testing the limits of his power because he already has a lot of it naturally. 247 00:26:21,040 --> 00:26:31,480 But if it works here, if the precedent is normalized, he's literally giving us the model for what comes next in other cities and other states. 248 00:26:31,480 --> 00:26:34,200 The D.C. takeover is not just a D.C. problem. 249 00:26:34,700 --> 00:26:36,140 And I cannot stress this enough. 250 00:26:36,280 --> 00:26:42,880 If you live in Ohio or Texas or Oklahoma and you're thinking, oh, well, you know, that's a shame for them, but it doesn't really bother me. 251 00:26:43,000 --> 00:26:44,160 You know, you're wrong. 252 00:26:44,300 --> 00:26:46,420 That's a key piece to the bigger picture. 253 00:26:46,640 --> 00:26:48,220 It's his most brazen move yet. 254 00:26:48,320 --> 00:26:50,340 But you see this broader trend. 255 00:26:50,440 --> 00:26:58,260 I know this entire administration with the Heritage Foundation and with with political elites and with techno elites. 256 00:26:58,260 --> 00:26:59,620 It's part of a broader trend. 257 00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:03,600 So they've been using executive orders. 258 00:27:04,020 --> 00:27:08,320 They've been asking judges to reinterpret statutes. 259 00:27:09,080 --> 00:27:11,100 The power of federal appointments. 260 00:27:11,440 --> 00:27:22,980 All in an effort to consolidate power within the office of Donald Trump and weaken all of the checks and balances that were already to their breaking points being stretched. 261 00:27:22,980 --> 00:27:33,920 We've seen him attempt to bring in completely independent agencies like the Federal Reserve or the FCC under direct control of the president. 262 00:27:35,480 --> 00:27:39,920 Challenging the principle of each of these agencies independence. 263 00:27:40,540 --> 00:27:42,800 And they're supposed to be the Federal Reserve is a whole nother thing. 264 00:27:42,800 --> 00:27:52,640 But we've we've heard a lot of public discussion about dismantling entire departments of the government. 265 00:27:52,640 --> 00:27:53,040 Right. 266 00:27:53,440 --> 00:27:56,320 We've seen firing tens of thousands. 267 00:27:57,440 --> 00:27:59,700 Of career civil servants. 268 00:28:00,580 --> 00:28:02,940 To replace them with people. 269 00:28:03,880 --> 00:28:04,360 Who. 270 00:28:05,100 --> 00:28:07,980 Will support Donald Trump's agenda. 271 00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:09,300 Whatever that might be. 272 00:28:09,980 --> 00:28:11,800 They called it the Schedule F plan. 273 00:28:11,800 --> 00:28:20,040 Not to mention the politicization of all of the federal grant money with Doge and money being steered towards friendly jurisdictions. 274 00:28:21,440 --> 00:28:24,880 And withheld from democratically held cities. 275 00:28:24,880 --> 00:28:25,200 Right. 276 00:28:25,600 --> 00:28:26,920 They all have one thing in common. 277 00:28:27,480 --> 00:28:28,360 They're deliberate. 278 00:28:29,900 --> 00:28:31,640 Attempts to bypass. 279 00:28:32,600 --> 00:28:38,280 Or completely block the authority of other branches of government and independent institutions. 280 00:28:38,740 --> 00:28:40,420 The legislative branch is too slow. 281 00:28:40,620 --> 00:28:41,200 We know that. 282 00:28:41,700 --> 00:28:41,940 So. 283 00:28:42,520 --> 00:28:43,740 He does it by executive order. 284 00:28:44,540 --> 00:28:45,500 If the courts block you. 285 00:28:45,620 --> 00:28:45,820 Well. 286 00:28:46,420 --> 00:28:48,380 Appoint judges who adhere to a legal theory. 287 00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:52,000 That gives Donald Trump the most unlimited power. 288 00:28:52,360 --> 00:28:54,000 Are career bureaucrats resisting? 289 00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:54,860 Fire them. 290 00:28:55,740 --> 00:28:56,900 The DC takeover. 291 00:28:57,340 --> 00:28:59,060 With its reliance on a specific. 292 00:28:59,440 --> 00:29:01,240 Vaguely worded law. 293 00:29:02,520 --> 00:29:04,620 In a manufactured crisis. 294 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:08,020 Is the perfect storm. 295 00:29:08,260 --> 00:29:09,240 Of this larger strategy. 296 00:29:09,380 --> 00:29:10,540 This isn't just American though. 297 00:29:10,900 --> 00:29:12,440 We've seen this exact playbook. 298 00:29:13,060 --> 00:29:16,880 By autocrats and illiberal leaders around the world. 299 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:18,820 In Hungary. 300 00:29:18,960 --> 00:29:19,620 Viktor Orban. 301 00:29:20,620 --> 00:29:23,860 He didn't take power in a violent revolution. 302 00:29:24,080 --> 00:29:24,600 He was elected. 303 00:29:25,540 --> 00:29:27,480 And then over the course of 10 years. 304 00:29:27,660 --> 00:29:30,160 He used his party's parliamentary majority. 305 00:29:30,500 --> 00:29:31,800 To rewrite their constitution. 306 00:29:32,700 --> 00:29:33,980 He now controls the judiciary. 307 00:29:34,460 --> 00:29:36,800 He now has weaponized the federal government. 308 00:29:37,660 --> 00:29:38,740 Or their federal government. 309 00:29:39,300 --> 00:29:40,680 Against independent media. 310 00:29:40,980 --> 00:29:41,380 And yes. 311 00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:42,800 Gerrymandering. 312 00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:42,880 Gerrymandering. 313 00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:44,200 To ensure that he. 314 00:29:44,420 --> 00:29:46,240 Will be the president forever. 315 00:29:46,860 --> 00:29:49,300 It was all done through completely legal means. 316 00:29:49,500 --> 00:29:51,580 Orban called it illiberal democracy. 317 00:29:51,800 --> 00:29:53,460 Venezuela under Hugo Chavez. 318 00:29:54,240 --> 00:29:54,880 And then later. 319 00:29:54,940 --> 00:29:55,560 Nicolas Maduro. 320 00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:59,920 They used their support to create new assemblies. 321 00:30:00,920 --> 00:30:02,740 That rewrote the rules. 322 00:30:02,740 --> 00:30:02,780 That rewrote the rules. 323 00:30:02,780 --> 00:30:03,940 Of their governments. 324 00:30:03,940 --> 00:30:05,400 They packed the courts. 325 00:30:05,640 --> 00:30:07,880 They nationalized industries. 326 00:30:08,240 --> 00:30:10,880 All while maintaining the outward appearance. 327 00:30:11,200 --> 00:30:12,220 Of a democracy. 328 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:13,240 They held elections. 329 00:30:13,900 --> 00:30:15,980 But the elections were no longer free or fair. 330 00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:18,340 Look at Turkey. 331 00:30:18,860 --> 00:30:21,020 Under Recep Tayyip Erdogan. 332 00:30:21,200 --> 00:30:22,180 He transformed. 333 00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:24,380 A parliamentary democracy. 334 00:30:25,300 --> 00:30:25,980 Into a. 335 00:30:26,620 --> 00:30:28,080 Centralized presidential system. 336 00:30:28,680 --> 00:30:29,940 He threw journalists in jail. 337 00:30:29,940 --> 00:30:31,820 He purged the civil service. 338 00:30:32,900 --> 00:30:34,600 And he declared emergency. 339 00:30:35,120 --> 00:30:35,960 To take power. 340 00:30:36,960 --> 00:30:38,740 And consolidate his grip. 341 00:30:39,680 --> 00:30:40,180 On Turkey. 342 00:30:40,500 --> 00:30:41,740 The pattern is consistent. 343 00:30:42,800 --> 00:30:43,860 The leaders don't. 344 00:30:44,100 --> 00:30:44,780 Stage a coup. 345 00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:45,760 In the traditional sense. 346 00:30:45,860 --> 00:30:46,440 They slowly. 347 00:30:47,220 --> 00:30:47,900 Methodically. 348 00:30:48,620 --> 00:30:49,100 Legally. 349 00:30:49,200 --> 00:30:50,220 Or semi-legally. 350 00:30:50,660 --> 00:30:51,700 As we're seeing now. 351 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:53,120 They chip away. 352 00:30:53,240 --> 00:30:54,560 At the foundations of democracy. 353 00:30:54,560 --> 00:30:55,740 Until the whole thing. 354 00:30:55,920 --> 00:30:56,780 Is too. 355 00:30:57,160 --> 00:30:57,500 Weak. 356 00:30:57,500 --> 00:30:59,060 To stand under its own weight. 357 00:30:59,500 --> 00:31:00,460 They use the tools. 358 00:31:00,620 --> 00:31:01,500 Of democracy. 359 00:31:02,260 --> 00:31:03,480 To dismantle democracy. 360 00:31:03,740 --> 00:31:04,800 The DC federalization. 361 00:31:05,240 --> 00:31:06,380 From a global context. 362 00:31:06,500 --> 00:31:06,720 Right. 363 00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:07,160 Is. 364 00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:07,960 It's terrifying. 365 00:31:08,920 --> 00:31:10,000 But it is. 366 00:31:10,380 --> 00:31:11,200 A reminder. 367 00:31:11,580 --> 00:31:12,020 Of how. 368 00:31:12,520 --> 00:31:14,460 Our own democratic institutions. 369 00:31:14,460 --> 00:31:15,120 Can be. 370 00:31:15,360 --> 00:31:16,060 Especially when. 371 00:31:17,620 --> 00:31:18,180 Congress. 372 00:31:18,180 --> 00:31:18,860 And the Senate. 373 00:31:19,420 --> 00:31:20,400 Are willing to. 374 00:31:20,400 --> 00:31:20,860 Exploit. 375 00:31:20,860 --> 00:31:21,800 Every single. 376 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:22,680 Legal loophole. 377 00:31:23,120 --> 00:31:24,080 Every constitutional. 378 00:31:24,400 --> 00:31:24,880 Anomaly. 379 00:31:25,420 --> 00:31:26,220 Every ounce. 380 00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:27,280 Of public apathy. 381 00:31:27,560 --> 00:31:28,260 At their disposal. 382 00:31:29,260 --> 00:31:29,840 But. 383 00:31:30,040 --> 00:31:30,160 Make. 384 00:31:30,360 --> 00:31:30,580 No. 385 00:31:31,140 --> 00:31:31,600 Qualms. 386 00:31:32,160 --> 00:31:33,200 The power. 387 00:31:33,820 --> 00:31:34,860 Of the executive branch. 388 00:31:34,920 --> 00:31:35,480 Is growing. 389 00:31:35,900 --> 00:31:36,460 And the checks. 390 00:31:36,700 --> 00:31:37,480 On that power. 391 00:31:37,860 --> 00:31:38,340 Are weakening. 392 00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:40,000 This is not conspiracy. 393 00:31:40,220 --> 00:31:40,340 Like. 394 00:31:40,800 --> 00:31:41,180 Someone. 395 00:31:41,480 --> 00:31:42,120 One of my friends. 396 00:31:42,180 --> 00:31:42,380 Said. 397 00:31:42,780 --> 00:31:43,400 I only. 398 00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:44,360 Listen. 399 00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:45,940 To conspiracy theories. 400 00:31:46,520 --> 00:31:46,600 Or. 401 00:31:46,720 --> 00:31:47,880 I listen to the overlap. 402 00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:48,820 When I'm in the mood. 403 00:31:48,900 --> 00:31:50,200 For conspiracy theories. 404 00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:52,820 This is not a conspiracy theory. 405 00:31:53,860 --> 00:31:55,040 These are the facts. 406 00:31:55,180 --> 00:31:55,400 Right. 407 00:31:55,600 --> 00:31:56,020 And. 408 00:31:56,780 --> 00:31:57,800 That we're seeing. 409 00:31:58,480 --> 00:31:58,960 Unfold. 410 00:31:59,380 --> 00:32:00,120 In front of us. 411 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:01,780 But we can also acknowledge. 412 00:32:01,780 --> 00:32:03,660 That this is a historical pattern. 413 00:32:03,860 --> 00:32:04,120 So this. 414 00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:05,780 The economic and social ramifications. 415 00:32:05,780 --> 00:32:06,200 Of this. 416 00:32:06,380 --> 00:32:07,280 Are huge. 417 00:32:08,380 --> 00:32:09,340 Let's start with. 418 00:32:09,520 --> 00:32:10,120 The rhetoric. 419 00:32:10,280 --> 00:32:10,420 Right. 420 00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:10,720 The. 421 00:32:12,260 --> 00:32:12,700 Administration's. 422 00:32:12,740 --> 00:32:13,580 Constant drumbeat. 423 00:32:13,660 --> 00:32:14,300 Of propaganda. 424 00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:15,180 Painting the city. 425 00:32:15,180 --> 00:32:15,960 As a slum. 426 00:32:16,020 --> 00:32:16,720 A hellscape. 427 00:32:16,840 --> 00:32:17,580 Of crime. 428 00:32:17,660 --> 00:32:18,080 And despair. 429 00:32:19,060 --> 00:32:20,380 It's not just words. 430 00:32:21,140 --> 00:32:21,860 This kind of language. 431 00:32:21,860 --> 00:32:22,940 Has a real world. 432 00:32:23,680 --> 00:32:24,480 Destabilization effect. 433 00:32:24,580 --> 00:32:24,760 Right. 434 00:32:24,820 --> 00:32:25,120 It hurts. 435 00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:26,160 Tourism. 436 00:32:26,260 --> 00:32:27,240 We've already seen that happening. 437 00:32:27,240 --> 00:32:27,960 Around the country. 438 00:32:27,960 --> 00:32:28,680 With them saying. 439 00:32:28,800 --> 00:32:29,300 That they're going to require. 440 00:32:29,440 --> 00:32:30,640 Fifteen thousand dollars. 441 00:32:30,940 --> 00:32:31,040 Of. 442 00:32:32,000 --> 00:32:32,400 Insurance. 443 00:32:32,580 --> 00:32:33,220 Of some sort. 444 00:32:33,700 --> 00:32:35,200 To visit the United States. 445 00:32:35,260 --> 00:32:36,040 But people are already. 446 00:32:36,160 --> 00:32:36,600 Avoiding. 447 00:32:36,760 --> 00:32:37,320 Coming here. 448 00:32:38,000 --> 00:32:38,880 To begin with. 449 00:32:38,980 --> 00:32:39,580 It's going to lower. 450 00:32:39,740 --> 00:32:40,620 Property values. 451 00:32:41,700 --> 00:32:42,580 And it's already. 452 00:32:42,700 --> 00:32:43,700 Discouraging businesses. 453 00:32:43,700 --> 00:32:44,380 From investing. 454 00:32:44,380 --> 00:32:44,880 In Washington. 455 00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:45,340 D.C. 456 00:32:45,340 --> 00:32:45,980 But it. 457 00:32:46,440 --> 00:32:47,380 Most importantly. 458 00:32:47,540 --> 00:32:48,120 It's undermining. 459 00:32:48,220 --> 00:32:49,400 The community based. 460 00:32:50,160 --> 00:32:50,640 Reform. 461 00:32:51,120 --> 00:32:51,540 That the city. 462 00:32:51,620 --> 00:32:52,240 Has been trying. 463 00:32:52,480 --> 00:32:53,680 To pull off. 464 00:32:54,020 --> 00:32:54,380 If you're trying. 465 00:32:54,420 --> 00:32:55,100 To build trust. 466 00:32:55,100 --> 00:32:55,900 Between the police. 467 00:32:55,940 --> 00:32:56,560 And the community. 468 00:32:57,240 --> 00:32:58,400 It's not very helpful. 469 00:32:58,860 --> 00:32:59,940 When there's a higher. 470 00:33:00,140 --> 00:33:01,300 Power that comes in. 471 00:33:02,140 --> 00:33:03,060 And says. 472 00:33:03,180 --> 00:33:03,820 That it's all. 473 00:33:04,540 --> 00:33:05,060 Failure. 474 00:33:05,300 --> 00:33:06,140 And creates. 475 00:33:06,200 --> 00:33:06,860 A top-down. 476 00:33:07,140 --> 00:33:07,580 System. 477 00:33:08,040 --> 00:33:08,640 Without any. 478 00:33:08,840 --> 00:33:09,300 Accountability. 479 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:09,800 Whatsoever. 480 00:33:10,020 --> 00:33:10,540 And look. 481 00:33:11,120 --> 00:33:12,240 There is a reality. 482 00:33:12,240 --> 00:33:12,780 A very. 483 00:33:12,920 --> 00:33:13,060 Very. 484 00:33:13,700 --> 00:33:14,180 Real. 485 00:33:14,420 --> 00:33:14,900 Financial. 486 00:33:15,240 --> 00:33:15,840 Situation. 487 00:33:16,880 --> 00:33:17,720 In Washington. 488 00:33:17,880 --> 00:33:18,280 D.C. 489 00:33:18,920 --> 00:33:19,320 It's. 490 00:33:19,860 --> 00:33:21,360 For all intents and purposes. 491 00:33:21,360 --> 00:33:22,480 It's a donor state. 492 00:33:23,660 --> 00:33:25,200 It is a net contributor. 493 00:33:25,960 --> 00:33:27,380 To the federal treasury. 494 00:33:28,520 --> 00:33:28,760 D.C. 495 00:33:28,820 --> 00:33:29,660 Residents pay more. 496 00:33:29,840 --> 00:33:31,220 In total federal taxes. 497 00:33:31,600 --> 00:33:32,600 Than residents. 498 00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:34,120 Of 23 other states. 499 00:33:34,380 --> 00:33:34,940 They pay more. 500 00:33:35,280 --> 00:33:35,940 Per capita. 501 00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:37,540 In federal taxes. 502 00:33:37,540 --> 00:33:38,420 Than any state. 503 00:33:38,500 --> 00:33:38,880 In the union. 504 00:33:39,460 --> 00:33:40,300 But they don't have. 505 00:33:40,380 --> 00:33:41,180 Any voting representation. 506 00:33:42,300 --> 00:33:43,460 In the very body. 507 00:33:43,460 --> 00:33:44,320 That decides. 508 00:33:44,320 --> 00:33:45,240 How those tax dollars. 509 00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:45,700 Are spent. 510 00:33:46,820 --> 00:33:47,540 And they have. 511 00:33:47,540 --> 00:33:48,400 A non-voting. 512 00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:48,920 Delegate. 513 00:33:48,920 --> 00:33:49,600 In the house. 514 00:33:49,600 --> 00:33:50,720 And no senators. 515 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:51,860 This lack of control. 516 00:33:51,860 --> 00:33:53,060 Has concrete. 517 00:33:53,060 --> 00:33:54,240 Financial consequences. 518 00:33:54,440 --> 00:33:55,120 The federal government's. 519 00:33:55,120 --> 00:33:56,300 Control over the city budget. 520 00:33:56,760 --> 00:33:57,600 Has in the past. 521 00:33:57,680 --> 00:33:58,300 Led to D.C. 522 00:33:58,320 --> 00:33:58,940 Being denied. 523 00:33:59,220 --> 00:34:00,060 Emergency funds. 524 00:34:01,180 --> 00:34:02,100 And during. 525 00:34:02,780 --> 00:34:02,940 The. 526 00:34:02,940 --> 00:34:04,040 The shutdowns. 527 00:34:04,140 --> 00:34:05,940 The federal government shutdowns. 528 00:34:06,620 --> 00:34:07,620 City services. 529 00:34:07,620 --> 00:34:08,700 Have been threatened. 530 00:34:08,840 --> 00:34:09,260 Because. 531 00:34:09,600 --> 00:34:09,940 Basically. 532 00:34:09,940 --> 00:34:11,460 Their locally raised budget. 533 00:34:11,920 --> 00:34:12,920 Was held hostage. 534 00:34:13,420 --> 00:34:14,480 By a federal. 535 00:34:14,700 --> 00:34:15,560 Political dispute. 536 00:34:15,680 --> 00:34:16,840 That has nothing to do with them. 537 00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:17,340 And also. 538 00:34:17,500 --> 00:34:18,020 We can't. 539 00:34:18,020 --> 00:34:19,100 We can't talk about. 540 00:34:19,100 --> 00:34:19,860 Washington D.C. 541 00:34:19,860 --> 00:34:21,700 And not talk about race. 542 00:34:22,820 --> 00:34:23,720 It's impossible. 543 00:34:23,720 --> 00:34:24,600 To separate. 544 00:34:24,740 --> 00:34:25,300 The issue. 545 00:34:25,300 --> 00:34:26,420 Of D.C. 546 00:34:28,700 --> 00:34:29,220 Disenfranchisement. 547 00:34:30,760 --> 00:34:31,840 From the history. 548 00:34:32,280 --> 00:34:33,320 Of racial. 549 00:34:33,940 --> 00:34:34,460 Issues. 550 00:34:34,720 --> 00:34:35,220 In America. 551 00:34:36,260 --> 00:34:37,000 The city. 552 00:34:37,000 --> 00:34:37,860 Is a. 553 00:34:37,860 --> 00:34:38,160 A. 554 00:34:38,660 --> 00:34:39,180 Plurality. 555 00:34:39,300 --> 00:34:39,920 Black city. 556 00:34:40,160 --> 00:34:42,220 40% of its population. 557 00:34:42,580 --> 00:34:43,000 Is black. 558 00:34:44,320 --> 00:34:44,980 That makes. 559 00:34:45,340 --> 00:34:45,760 The lack. 560 00:34:45,760 --> 00:34:46,180 Of voting. 561 00:34:46,180 --> 00:34:47,020 Representation. 562 00:34:47,540 --> 00:34:47,960 And local. 563 00:34:48,200 --> 00:34:48,600 Autonomy. 564 00:34:49,800 --> 00:34:51,300 Kind of a civil rights issue. 565 00:34:51,420 --> 00:34:52,420 History here is growth. 566 00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:54,200 And I'm sorry to be so direct about it. 567 00:34:54,460 --> 00:34:55,800 But for much of the 20th century. 568 00:34:56,240 --> 00:34:57,460 The congressional committee. 569 00:34:57,460 --> 00:34:58,600 That effectively ruled. 570 00:34:58,680 --> 00:34:59,520 Washington D.C. 571 00:34:59,540 --> 00:35:00,300 Was chaired by. 572 00:35:00,560 --> 00:35:00,920 Southern. 573 00:35:01,940 --> 00:35:02,380 Segregationist. 574 00:35:02,620 --> 00:35:03,100 Politician. 575 00:35:03,180 --> 00:35:03,560 At the time. 576 00:35:03,680 --> 00:35:04,000 Senator. 577 00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:05,020 Theodore Bilbo. 578 00:35:05,100 --> 00:35:05,660 Of Mississippi. 579 00:35:06,460 --> 00:35:06,900 Bilbo. 580 00:35:07,540 --> 00:35:08,320 What does that rhyme with? 581 00:35:08,780 --> 00:35:09,380 And representative. 582 00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:10,220 John McMillan. 583 00:35:10,260 --> 00:35:11,080 Of South Carolina. 584 00:35:11,900 --> 00:35:12,820 Used their authority. 585 00:35:13,480 --> 00:35:14,820 Over Washington D.C. 586 00:35:14,820 --> 00:35:16,180 As a laboratory. 587 00:35:16,180 --> 00:35:18,020 To enforce racist policies. 588 00:35:18,660 --> 00:35:19,760 They resisted. 589 00:35:19,800 --> 00:35:20,440 The desegregation. 590 00:35:20,440 --> 00:35:21,080 Of schools. 591 00:35:21,080 --> 00:35:22,380 And public facilities. 592 00:35:22,380 --> 00:35:23,440 In D.C. 593 00:35:23,540 --> 00:35:24,780 They viewed the city's. 594 00:35:24,780 --> 00:35:25,860 Growing black population. 595 00:35:25,860 --> 00:35:26,640 With contempt. 596 00:35:26,640 --> 00:35:28,000 And tried to control it. 597 00:35:28,580 --> 00:35:29,280 The fight. 598 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:30,120 For the D.C. 599 00:35:30,160 --> 00:35:30,620 Home rule. 600 00:35:30,620 --> 00:35:32,720 Was inextricably linked. 601 00:35:32,920 --> 00:35:33,780 To the broader. 602 00:35:33,920 --> 00:35:34,760 Civil rights movement. 603 00:35:35,760 --> 00:35:36,760 It was a fight. 604 00:35:36,760 --> 00:35:38,000 For black political power. 605 00:35:38,080 --> 00:35:38,980 And self-determination. 606 00:35:39,140 --> 00:35:40,120 The modern takeover. 607 00:35:40,120 --> 00:35:42,340 With its loaded vocabulary. 608 00:35:42,340 --> 00:35:44,100 Of liberating the capital. 609 00:35:44,100 --> 00:35:45,680 From bedlam and squalor. 610 00:35:45,880 --> 00:35:46,600 And slums. 611 00:35:46,800 --> 00:35:48,420 And it really does echo. 612 00:35:48,420 --> 00:35:49,180 These uncomfortable. 613 00:35:49,520 --> 00:35:50,040 Historical. 614 00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:51,440 Precedents. 615 00:35:51,680 --> 00:35:52,300 The language used. 616 00:35:52,400 --> 00:35:53,220 By this administration. 617 00:35:53,220 --> 00:35:54,000 To talk about. 618 00:35:54,100 --> 00:35:54,900 Washington D.C. 619 00:35:55,440 --> 00:35:57,060 A city with a significant. 620 00:35:57,060 --> 00:35:58,100 Black middle class. 621 00:35:58,340 --> 00:35:59,340 And a long history. 622 00:35:59,340 --> 00:36:00,040 Of black culture. 623 00:36:00,080 --> 00:36:00,860 And political leadership. 624 00:36:01,860 --> 00:36:03,160 Is absolutely. 625 00:36:03,160 --> 00:36:03,880 A dog whistle. 626 00:36:04,760 --> 00:36:05,880 It plays on the old. 627 00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:06,600 Racist tropes. 628 00:36:06,640 --> 00:36:07,460 Of black run cities. 629 00:36:07,460 --> 00:36:09,040 Being inherently chaotic. 630 00:36:09,180 --> 00:36:09,500 Corrupt. 631 00:36:09,580 --> 00:36:10,000 And violent. 632 00:36:10,540 --> 00:36:11,560 So when the president. 633 00:36:11,560 --> 00:36:12,600 Says he needs to impose. 634 00:36:12,600 --> 00:36:13,300 Law and order. 635 00:36:13,540 --> 00:36:14,880 There's a whole lot of concern. 636 00:36:14,880 --> 00:36:16,020 About potential. 637 00:36:16,020 --> 00:36:17,120 Civil rights violations. 638 00:36:17,660 --> 00:36:18,180 Think about it. 639 00:36:18,220 --> 00:36:19,540 If you federalize. 640 00:36:19,540 --> 00:36:20,500 A police force. 641 00:36:20,500 --> 00:36:21,560 With no accountability. 642 00:36:21,560 --> 00:36:23,200 It's a terrifying prospect. 643 00:36:23,200 --> 00:36:24,120 For any community. 644 00:36:24,120 --> 00:36:24,960 But especially. 645 00:36:24,960 --> 00:36:26,340 For a community of color. 646 00:36:26,900 --> 00:36:28,160 That has historically. 647 00:36:28,160 --> 00:36:28,900 Been the target. 648 00:36:28,900 --> 00:36:29,820 Of over policing. 649 00:36:30,120 --> 00:36:30,780 Police brutality. 650 00:36:30,780 --> 00:36:31,800 And systemic injustice. 651 00:36:32,900 --> 00:36:34,200 Who do you complain to. 652 00:36:34,280 --> 00:36:35,300 If a federally controlled. 653 00:36:35,300 --> 00:36:36,540 Police officer harasses you. 654 00:36:36,600 --> 00:36:36,980 The mayor. 655 00:36:37,320 --> 00:36:38,100 She doesn't have any authority. 656 00:36:38,700 --> 00:36:39,360 The city council. 657 00:36:39,960 --> 00:36:41,300 They have no oversight power. 658 00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:43,440 You have to appeal. 659 00:36:44,020 --> 00:36:45,380 To the executive. 660 00:36:46,400 --> 00:36:48,040 That is directing the police. 661 00:36:48,040 --> 00:36:48,880 In the first place. 662 00:36:49,920 --> 00:36:51,680 It removes every single. 663 00:36:51,680 --> 00:36:52,700 Layer of accountability. 664 00:36:53,220 --> 00:36:54,280 Instances of abuse. 665 00:36:54,280 --> 00:36:56,060 It's a powder keg. 666 00:36:56,920 --> 00:36:58,120 Of civil rights. 667 00:36:59,060 --> 00:36:59,540 Violations. 668 00:36:59,720 --> 00:37:00,880 Just waiting to happen. 669 00:37:01,280 --> 00:37:01,840 So what now? 670 00:37:02,120 --> 00:37:02,960 Where do we go from here? 671 00:37:03,020 --> 00:37:03,980 This is a wake-up call. 672 00:37:04,260 --> 00:37:04,900 It's not a drill. 673 00:37:06,340 --> 00:37:07,640 It's a neon sign. 674 00:37:08,180 --> 00:37:09,380 Pointing directly to. 675 00:37:09,560 --> 00:37:10,340 Our nation's capital. 676 00:37:11,300 --> 00:37:12,260 And as long as. 677 00:37:12,360 --> 00:37:12,940 They remain. 678 00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:13,660 In the state. 679 00:37:13,740 --> 00:37:14,640 Of political limbo. 680 00:37:14,820 --> 00:37:15,520 As long as. 681 00:37:15,680 --> 00:37:17,220 It's a federal enclave. 682 00:37:17,520 --> 00:37:18,180 Subject to. 683 00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:19,380 Executive legislation. 684 00:37:20,140 --> 00:37:20,940 Of congress. 685 00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:21,820 And emergency powers. 686 00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:22,380 Of the president. 687 00:37:23,340 --> 00:37:23,900 It'll be. 688 00:37:24,200 --> 00:37:24,620 Vulnerable. 689 00:37:24,620 --> 00:37:25,260 To this kind of. 690 00:37:25,480 --> 00:37:26,120 Political maneuvering. 691 00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:27,060 And it's currently. 692 00:37:27,060 --> 00:37:28,280 Being used as a pawn. 693 00:37:28,400 --> 00:37:29,200 In a larger. 694 00:37:30,420 --> 00:37:30,820 National. 695 00:37:31,020 --> 00:37:31,600 Political game. 696 00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:32,220 The only way. 697 00:37:32,300 --> 00:37:33,100 Really to do this. 698 00:37:33,180 --> 00:37:33,460 Is to. 699 00:37:33,540 --> 00:37:34,400 To grant the. 700 00:37:34,960 --> 00:37:35,920 Three quarters of a million. 701 00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:37,260 American citizens. 702 00:37:37,260 --> 00:37:38,200 Who live in D.C. 703 00:37:38,840 --> 00:37:39,280 Full. 704 00:37:39,660 --> 00:37:40,480 Democratic rights. 705 00:37:40,640 --> 00:37:41,020 Enjoyed by. 706 00:37:41,380 --> 00:37:42,260 Every other citizen. 707 00:37:42,260 --> 00:37:43,200 Of every other state. 708 00:37:43,280 --> 00:37:44,000 And that's statehood. 709 00:37:44,060 --> 00:37:44,600 That's simple. 710 00:37:44,860 --> 00:37:45,380 Let the. 711 00:37:45,440 --> 00:37:46,040 The residential. 712 00:37:46,040 --> 00:37:47,520 And commercial parts of D.C. 713 00:37:47,580 --> 00:37:48,900 Become the 51st state. 714 00:37:49,020 --> 00:37:49,960 The state of Washington. 715 00:37:50,260 --> 00:37:50,620 Douglas. 716 00:37:50,780 --> 00:37:51,180 Commonwealth. 717 00:37:51,460 --> 00:37:51,840 Whatever. 718 00:37:52,240 --> 00:37:53,320 The few federal buildings. 719 00:37:53,320 --> 00:37:53,840 The capital. 720 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:54,500 The White House. 721 00:37:54,580 --> 00:37:55,280 The Supreme Court. 722 00:37:55,620 --> 00:37:56,680 Should be a tiny. 723 00:37:56,880 --> 00:37:57,280 Separate. 724 00:37:57,360 --> 00:37:58,020 Federal district. 725 00:37:58,780 --> 00:37:59,940 Just like the Constitution. 726 00:38:00,140 --> 00:38:00,620 Requires. 727 00:38:01,340 --> 00:38:02,140 That solved the problem. 728 00:38:02,220 --> 00:38:02,660 Entirely. 729 00:38:02,780 --> 00:38:03,840 It's a path that have. 730 00:38:04,480 --> 00:38:04,720 Has. 731 00:38:05,540 --> 00:38:06,660 37 other states. 732 00:38:06,660 --> 00:38:07,740 Have taken to join. 733 00:38:08,600 --> 00:38:09,060 This. 734 00:38:09,180 --> 00:38:09,740 This union. 735 00:38:09,960 --> 00:38:10,780 In the short term. 736 00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:11,600 There are other things. 737 00:38:11,640 --> 00:38:12,200 That need to happen. 738 00:38:12,420 --> 00:38:12,620 The. 739 00:38:13,960 --> 00:38:14,560 Existence. 740 00:38:14,960 --> 00:38:15,980 Of a specific. 741 00:38:15,980 --> 00:38:17,240 Rarely used law. 742 00:38:17,240 --> 00:38:18,460 Like section 740. 743 00:38:18,460 --> 00:38:20,000 That allows the executive. 744 00:38:20,000 --> 00:38:20,840 To take control. 745 00:38:20,840 --> 00:38:22,100 Of the police force. 746 00:38:22,380 --> 00:38:23,520 On subjective. 747 00:38:23,520 --> 00:38:24,880 Declarations of emergency. 748 00:38:25,780 --> 00:38:26,600 There's a huge vulnerability. 749 00:38:26,960 --> 00:38:27,720 It's a loaded gun. 750 00:38:27,900 --> 00:38:29,000 And the trigger. 751 00:38:29,180 --> 00:38:30,220 Is being held. 752 00:38:31,180 --> 00:38:32,940 In the hands of a madman. 753 00:38:33,160 --> 00:38:34,520 This federalization crisis. 754 00:38:34,520 --> 00:38:35,720 Is a microcosm. 755 00:38:35,820 --> 00:38:37,040 Of a much bigger struggle. 756 00:38:37,720 --> 00:38:38,720 Between the concentration. 757 00:38:38,720 --> 00:38:39,680 Of power. 758 00:38:39,980 --> 00:38:41,460 In the executive branch. 759 00:38:42,140 --> 00:38:43,320 And the principles. 760 00:38:43,320 --> 00:38:44,280 Of federalism. 761 00:38:44,600 --> 00:38:45,340 Local autonomy. 762 00:38:45,580 --> 00:38:46,740 And democratic accountability. 763 00:38:47,180 --> 00:38:48,260 It forces us. 764 00:38:48,520 --> 00:38:49,360 To confront. 765 00:38:49,940 --> 00:38:50,660 An uncomfortable. 766 00:38:51,460 --> 00:38:52,400 And deeply. 767 00:38:52,580 --> 00:38:53,560 Undemocratic fact. 768 00:38:53,720 --> 00:38:54,580 In the United States. 769 00:38:54,620 --> 00:38:55,140 Of America. 770 00:38:55,620 --> 00:38:57,520 In the 21st century. 771 00:38:57,760 --> 00:38:58,940 There is a population. 772 00:38:59,180 --> 00:38:59,660 Larger. 773 00:39:00,040 --> 00:39:00,860 Than Vermont. 774 00:39:01,120 --> 00:39:01,880 Or Wyoming. 775 00:39:02,340 --> 00:39:03,300 Whose citizens. 776 00:39:03,720 --> 00:39:05,080 Are subject to laws. 777 00:39:05,240 --> 00:39:06,040 And policies. 778 00:39:06,600 --> 00:39:07,420 Over which they have. 779 00:39:07,620 --> 00:39:09,240 No meaningful say. 780 00:39:09,460 --> 00:39:10,160 It's an anomaly. 781 00:39:11,400 --> 00:39:12,700 It's a historical. 782 00:39:13,220 --> 00:39:13,740 Accident. 783 00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:15,300 And as this shows. 784 00:39:15,300 --> 00:39:16,640 It's a dangerous vulnerability. 785 00:39:17,280 --> 00:39:18,600 That we can't afford to ignore. 786 00:39:18,920 --> 00:39:19,880 What happened in DC. 787 00:39:19,880 --> 00:39:20,700 Is a test. 788 00:39:21,800 --> 00:39:22,580 And if we. 789 00:39:23,020 --> 00:39:24,220 Fail to recognize it. 790 00:39:24,300 --> 00:39:25,900 As the test that it is. 791 00:39:26,060 --> 00:39:27,140 You want to just shrug your shoulders. 792 00:39:27,140 --> 00:39:27,520 And say. 793 00:39:27,620 --> 00:39:28,580 Oh that's just DC. 794 00:39:28,860 --> 00:39:29,500 Or whatever. 795 00:39:30,620 --> 00:39:31,340 We're going to. 796 00:39:31,580 --> 00:39:32,720 See the same tactics. 797 00:39:32,720 --> 00:39:33,420 Being used. 798 00:39:33,700 --> 00:39:34,440 In other places. 799 00:39:35,380 --> 00:39:36,400 In other ways. 800 00:39:36,480 --> 00:39:37,560 Until we're all. 801 00:39:37,740 --> 00:39:38,100 Under. 802 00:39:38,560 --> 00:39:39,300 Federal control. 803 00:39:39,440 --> 00:39:40,540 There's a term for that. 804 00:39:40,680 --> 00:39:41,240 So what do you think. 805 00:39:41,400 --> 00:39:41,740 Am I. 806 00:39:42,920 --> 00:39:43,720 Making sense. 807 00:39:43,820 --> 00:39:43,940 Or. 808 00:39:44,820 --> 00:39:46,540 You think I'm being a hysterical. 809 00:39:47,720 --> 00:39:48,500 Conspiracy theorist. 810 00:39:48,660 --> 00:39:49,720 Is DC statehood. 811 00:39:49,780 --> 00:39:50,560 The only way forward. 812 00:39:51,620 --> 00:39:52,660 Or is there another path. 813 00:39:52,900 --> 00:39:53,640 That I'm. 814 00:39:53,640 --> 00:39:54,160 I'm missing. 815 00:39:55,120 --> 00:39:55,940 For the residents. 816 00:39:55,940 --> 00:39:56,940 Of our nation's capital. 817 00:39:57,060 --> 00:39:58,160 I genuinely want to know. 818 00:39:58,360 --> 00:39:59,400 You can reach out to us. 819 00:39:59,400 --> 00:39:59,680 On. 820 00:40:00,340 --> 00:40:01,020 Blue sky. 821 00:40:01,220 --> 00:40:01,460 On. 822 00:40:03,380 --> 00:40:03,780 Mastodon. 823 00:40:04,400 --> 00:40:05,720 You can check out our website. 824 00:40:05,920 --> 00:40:06,660 You can leave a comment. 825 00:40:06,800 --> 00:40:07,280 On Spotify. 826 00:40:07,640 --> 00:40:08,820 Or Apple podcast. 827 00:40:08,920 --> 00:40:09,880 Wherever you're listening to this. 828 00:40:11,160 --> 00:40:11,860 Happy to know. 829 00:40:11,980 --> 00:40:12,820 If you have a topic. 830 00:40:13,820 --> 00:40:14,860 That you'd like to hear. 831 00:40:14,980 --> 00:40:15,900 We'd be happy to. 832 00:40:16,380 --> 00:40:17,320 To give it a shot. 833 00:40:17,700 --> 00:40:17,860 But. 834 00:40:18,100 --> 00:40:18,500 That's. 835 00:40:18,620 --> 00:40:18,980 Unfortunately. 836 00:40:19,060 --> 00:40:20,300 All the time we have today. 837 00:40:20,660 --> 00:40:21,480 On the overlap. 838 00:40:22,180 --> 00:40:23,600 Thank you for lending me your ears. 839 00:40:24,280 --> 00:40:25,300 And your brain power. 840 00:40:25,400 --> 00:40:26,200 For just a little bit. 841 00:40:26,720 --> 00:40:28,040 I know it was a heavy one. 842 00:40:28,120 --> 00:40:28,420 But. 843 00:40:28,940 --> 00:40:30,040 It's an important one too. 844 00:40:30,400 --> 00:40:31,320 You can find all the sources. 845 00:40:31,500 --> 00:40:32,680 For today's episodes. 846 00:40:32,980 --> 00:40:33,220 And. 847 00:40:33,740 --> 00:40:34,700 You can google the. 848 00:40:35,000 --> 00:40:35,780 Home rule act. 849 00:40:35,940 --> 00:40:36,220 Data. 850 00:40:36,440 --> 00:40:36,980 On DC. 851 00:40:37,300 --> 00:40:38,320 And the demographics. 852 00:40:38,460 --> 00:40:39,060 And crime rates. 853 00:40:39,120 --> 00:40:39,820 On our website. 854 00:40:40,100 --> 00:40:40,580 Like I said. 855 00:40:40,720 --> 00:40:41,220 FOF. 856 00:40:41,840 --> 00:40:42,240 Foundation. 857 00:40:42,440 --> 00:40:42,720 Or. 858 00:40:43,280 --> 00:40:44,520 You can message us. 859 00:40:44,600 --> 00:40:45,000 For those. 860 00:40:45,280 --> 00:40:46,180 Pieces of information. 861 00:40:46,520 --> 00:40:46,740 Through. 862 00:40:46,980 --> 00:40:47,440 Blue sky. 863 00:40:47,580 --> 00:40:48,200 Or Mastodon. 864 00:40:48,420 --> 00:40:49,860 If you found this episode valuable. 865 00:40:50,420 --> 00:40:51,140 If it made you think. 866 00:40:51,140 --> 00:40:51,980 Or at least made you. 867 00:40:53,060 --> 00:40:53,820 Productively angry. 868 00:40:54,120 --> 00:40:54,900 Maybe consider. 869 00:40:55,720 --> 00:40:57,020 Doing all the podcast things. 870 00:40:57,160 --> 00:40:57,440 Like it. 871 00:40:57,520 --> 00:40:58,040 Subscribe it. 872 00:40:58,040 --> 00:40:59,540 Share it. Five-star review. 873 00:40:59,780 --> 00:41:02,120 Help us cut through the noise and continue having these conversations. 874 00:41:03,500 --> 00:41:04,260 Pretty please. 875 00:41:04,460 --> 00:41:05,540 Until next time, I'm Joshua. 876 00:41:06,140 --> 00:41:07,620 Stay informed. Stay engaged. 877 00:41:08,720 --> 00:41:15,540 Try not to let the existential dread of democratic decay ruin your week entirely. 878 00:41:15,800 --> 00:41:17,460 Talk to you soon. Bye. 879 00:41:17,460 --> 00:41:18,460 Bye. 880 00:41:18,460 --> 00:41:19,460 Bye. 881 00:41:19,460 --> 00:41:20,460 Bye. 882 00:41:20,460 --> 00:41:21,460 Bye. 883 00:41:21,460 --> 00:41:22,460 Bye. 884 00:41:22,460 --> 00:41:23,460 Bye. 885 00:41:23,460 --> 00:41:24,460 Bye. 886 00:41:24,460 --> 00:41:25,460 Bye. 887 00:41:25,460 --> 00:41:26,460 Bye. 888 00:41:26,460 --> 00:41:27,460 Bye. 889 00:41:27,460 --> 00:41:28,460 Bye. 890 00:41:28,460 --> 00:41:29,460 Bye. 891 00:41:29,460 --> 00:41:30,460 Bye. 892 00:41:30,460 --> 00:41:31,460 Bye. 893 00:41:31,460 --> 00:41:32,460 Bye. 894 00:41:32,460 --> 00:41:33,460 Bye. 895 00:41:33,460 --> 00:41:34,460 Bye. 896 00:41:34,460 --> 00:41:35,460 Bye. 897 00:41:35,460 --> 00:41:36,460 Bye. 898 00:41:36,460 --> 00:41:37,460 Bye. 899 00:41:37,460 --> 00:41:38,460 Bye. 900 00:41:38,460 --> 00:41:39,460 Bye. 901 00:41:39,460 --> 00:41:40,460 Bye. 902 00:41:40,460 --> 00:41:41,460 Bye. 903 00:41:41,460 --> 00:41:42,460 Bye. 904 00:41:42,460 --> 00:41:43,460 Bye. 905 00:41:43,460 --> 00:41:44,460 Bye. 906 00:41:44,460 --> 00:41:44,960 you 907 00:41:44,960 --> 00:41:45,460 you 908 00:41:45,460 --> 00:41:45,960 you 909 00:41:45,960 --> 00:41:46,460 you 910 00:41:46,460 --> 00:41:46,960 you 911 00:41:46,960 --> 00:41:47,460 you 912 00:41:47,460 --> 00:41:47,960 you